Keywords
Ergonomics
Health statistics
Psychological effects
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Employment is fundamental determinant for man to achieve his goals, since people spend a large part of their life in the work environment. It is essential to identify occupational ricks and evaluate the measures taken by the company to counteract them.
Objective: to identify the health/illness/care situation in workers of a textile maquila company, as well as the determinants, resources, assents and damages of the population of interest.
Material and methods: a participatory, cross-sectional and observational socio-epidemiological study of mixed nature was carried out. For the collection and analysis, the statical package IBM SPSS version 24 was used. An online questionnaire was applied. For qualitative analysis, focused and semi-structured interviews were carried out, the spectrum of the discourse in concepts of health in the workplace was expressed: physical, mental and social, subdivided into discomfort and well-being.
Results: 229 workers were recruited, with an average age of 32±10.8 years; 97% of respondents had lover back paint, 84% of participants consumed ultra-processed foods, and 60.7% of the population was classified as sedentary. The interviews identified chronic pain, lack of empathy with the worker, and a poor relationship between operational staff and coordinators.
Conclusion: Priority problems such as excessive consumption of ultra-processed food, sedentary lifestyle, high levels of perceived stress and anxiety related to work and family activities stand out. These findings support the possibility of implementing interventions through digital platforms to promote self-care among workers.
References
Armenti, K., Sweeney, M. H., Lingwall, C. & Yang, L. (2023). Work: A Social Determinant of Health Worth Capturing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023, Vol. 20, Page 1199, 20(2), 1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH20021199
Babio, N., Casas-Agustench, P. & Salas-Salvadó, J. (2020). Alimentos ultraprocesados: Revisión crítica, limitaciones del concepto y posible uso en salud pública. (1st edition). Unidad de Nutrición Humana, Universitat Rovira i Virgili. https://infoalimentario.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ultraprocesados-21-06.pdf
Duana Ávila, D., Hernández Gracia, T. J. & Torres Flórez, D. (2021). Competitividad de la industria textil ante la pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia: RVG, ISSN-e 2477-9423, ISSN 1315-9984, Vol. 26, No. Extra 6, 2021 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Edición Especial. Tema: inteligencia, cultura y digitalización), págs. 318-332, 26(6), 318–332. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.26.e6.19
Flick, U. (2015). Introducción a la investigación cualitativa. Morata.
Gangwani, D. S., Sharma, D. S. & Sheikh, Dr. S. (2020). Effect of Working Conditions on Work Life Balance of Workers in Textile Industry. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 9(6), 661–666. https://doi.org/10.35940/IJITEE.E2259.049620
Gordillo, G. & Plassot, T. (2017). Migraciones internas: un análisis espacio-temporal del periodo 1970-2015. Economía UNAM, 14(40), 67–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eunam.2017.01.003
Helgesson, M., Pettersson, E., Lindsäter, E., Taipale, H., Tanskanen, A., Mittendorfer-Rutz, E. & Cullen, A. E. (2024). Trajectories of work disability among individuals with anxiety-, mood/affective-, or stress-related disorders in a primary healthcare setting. BMC Psychiatry, 24(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12888-024-06068-5/TABLES/2
Laura Vannesa Camelo Rojas, Gina Esperanza Piñeros Carranza & Luzetty Chaves Bazzani. (2020). Fomento de alimentación laboral saludable en América del Sur. Cient Cienc Med , 23(1), 61–68.
López Torres, V. g. , V. M. A. A. E. M. C. (2012). Ergonomía y Productividad: Variables que se Relacionan con la Competitividad de las Plantas Maquiladoras. Ingenieria industrial. actualidad y nuevas tendencias en Baja California, 9(Ergonomía y plantas maquiladoras), 1–17.
Madero Gómez, S. M., Montes Botella, J. L. & del Castillo, E. (2024). Evaluación de la norma 035 para la medición de los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el entorno laboral mexicano. Contaduría y administración, ISSN 0186-1042, ISSN-e 2448-8410, Vol. 69, No. 1, 2024, págs. 77-99, 69(1), 77–99. https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2024.3070
Manuel, L., Pantoja, P. H. & Alcántara, S. M. (2014). Trastornos músculo-esqueléticos y psíquicos en población trabajadora, maquila de la confección, Departamento de Cortés, Honduras. Salud de los Trabajadores, 22(2), 129–140. http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1315-01382014000200004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
Marin-Farrona, M., Wipfli, B., Thosar, S. S., Colino, E., Garcia-Unanue, J., Gallardo, L., Felipe, J. L. & López-Fernández, J. (2023). Effectiveness of worksite wellness programs based on physical activity to improve workers’ health and productivity: a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13643-023-02258-6/FIGURES/2
Marisol Vélez-Mejía, Miguel Ángel Caro-Roldán, Gisselle Martínez-Uribe & Diana María Orozco-Soto. (2020). Condiciones de Alimentación de trabajadores de un Servicio de Alimentación Comercial. Medellín-Colombia. Medicina y seguridad del trabajo , 66, 3–12.
Masharyono, M., Sumiyati, S. & Toyib, T. (2016). Physical Work Environment Effect on Employee Productivity of Textile Industry. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 15, 630–632. https://doi.org/10.2991/GCBME-16.2016.119
Organización Panamericana de la Salud. (2023). Informe mundial sobre la salud mental: Transformar la salud mental para todos (1a ed.). Pan American Health Organization. https://doi.org/10.37774/9789275327715
Pérez Hernández, R., Flores-Hernández, S., Arredondo-López, A., Martínez-Silva, G. & Reyes-Morales, H. (2021). Sedentarismo laboral en distintos contextos ocupacionales en México: prevalencia y factores asociados. Salud Pública de México, 63(5), 653–661. https://doi.org/10.21149/12541
Scott, H. M., Tyton, T. N. & Horswill, C. A. (2016). Conducta Ocupacional Sedentaria y Soluciones Para Aumentar La Termogénesis No Asociada Al Ejercicio. Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 14(2), 22–43. https://doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v14i2.27496
Soledad, Y. & Castillo, C. (2015). Mujeres trabajadoras de maquiladoras en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua y Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. Un análisis comparativo de sus condiciones. Revista Sinapsis, 7(1), 147–156. https://app.eam.edu.co/ojs/index.php/sinapis/article/view/83
Valles, M. (1999). Técnicas cualitativas de investigación social: reflexión metodológica y práctica profesional. Editorial Síntesis.
Vargas Jaimes, C., Bernáldez Jaimes, G. B., Gil Gómez, U., Vargas Jaimes, C., Bernáldez Jaimes, G. B. & Gil Gómez, U. (2021). Factores de riesgo psicosocial y salud mental en trabajadores de una empresa textil. Horizonte sanitario, 20(1), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.19136/HS.A20N1.3972
Vicente Herrero, M. T., Delgado Bueno, S., Bandrés Moyá, F., Ramírez Iñiguez de la Torre, M. V. & Capdevila García, L. (2018). Valoración del dolor. Revisión Comparativa de Escalas y Cuestionarios. Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, 25, 228–236. https://doi.org/10.20986/resed.2018.3632/2017
Yuan, D., Gazi, M. A. I., Rahman, M. A., Dhar, B. K. & Rahaman, M. A. (2022). Occupational stress and health risk of employees working in the garments sector of Bangladesh: An empirical study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 938248. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2022.938248/BIBTEX
Zúñiga Aguilera, L. A. (2020). Pobreza y derechos sociales en México. Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social. Ciencia Jurídica y sostenibilidad. Revista Audiovisual de Investigación, 1(3). https://www.journal.alliancefordailyjustice.org/index.php/cienciajuridicaysostenbilidad/article/view/21
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Brenda Ivonne Arenas Caiceros , Obeth Sánchez Hernández , Valeria Ortega Hernández , Edson Vladimir Morales Olaya , Sandra Luz Pozos Morales , Georgette Michel Gómez Fonseca , Sandra Areli Saldaña Ibarra , María Teresa Alvarez Bañuelos